The extension DNG marks image files in digital negative format. This royalty-free developed format is intended for the storage of raw data in digital photography.
These raw data are excellent for post-processing, such as adjusting the colors, correcting the exposure, for sharpening or noise filtering. They are indispensable for professional work or things like astrophotography.
In order to convert them into an RGB image format that can be commonly used, the data must be "developed". This means that processing steps such as interpolation and exposure as well as converting to a format such as PNG, PSD, TIFF or JPEG must be performed.
However, there is no uniform raw data format. Every manufacturer has developed his own. These proprietary and often undocumented formats can only be processed by specialized software. They can contain different data, depending on both the capabilities of the sensor and the software built into the camera. Manufacturers are changing their raw formats relatively frequently, which means that program support often needs to be adjusted.
To counter this problem, DNG was developed. It is based on the TIFF standard and supports various metadata formats such as Exif, XMP and IPTC as well as ICC color profiles. A DNG contains the image data and optionally a JPEG preview. DNG supports raw raw data as well as partially processed data called Linear DNG. Some sensor types require this format.
DNG can contain various forms of raw data images and is therefore suitable for archiving and data exchange, since many graphics programs support the format. Also image sequences, which are called CinemaDNG are possible.
Some models of digital still cameras support the DNG format directly.
Most often resolving problems with opening DNG files is very simple. Just install an appropriate program that supports such files. All of the listed programs support DNG files, but may vary in offered function and purpose. Some programs may be capable only of viewing contents of DNG files or offer file conversion options, but may not be capable of editing such files.
It is possible that although a compatible program has been installed on user’s system, it is not used by the system to open it. This may happen because no default application was associated with this type of files. To associate DNG files with given application, select "Open with" from drop-down menu (accessed by right-clicking on the file). Then select from the list the program or application you want to be used to open this type of file. If the Apple Preview applications is not on the list, select "Browse" option in order to manually locate the directory where Apple Preview has been installed.
Sometimes problems with opening DNG files may not lie with the application itself, but can arise due to other causes, such as: